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Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt
The Supreme Constitutional Court ((アラビア語:المحكمة الدستورية العليا), ''Al-Mahkamah al-Dustūrīyah al-‘Ulyā'') (or SCC) is an independent judiciary body in the Arab Republic of Egypt, with its new seat in the Cairo suburb of Maadi.
The Supreme Constitutional Court is the highest judicial power, and since the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, the highest governmental power, in Egypt. It alone undertakes the judicial control in respect of the constitutionality of the laws and regulations and shall undertake the interpretation of the legislative texts in the manner prescribed by law. In addition, the court is empowered to settle competence disputes between the judicial and the administrative courts.
After Defence Minister Abdul Fatah al-Sisi announced the suspension of the Constitution of Egypt on 3 July 2013, executive power was vested in the Supreme Constitutional Court, and its President Adly Mansour was named acting President of Egypt.
== History ==
The establishment of the Supreme Constitutional Court goes back to the argument which was raised over the right of courts or any judicial bodies to pronounce on the constitutionality of the laws issued by the Legislative power. Such a judicial argument has been advocated in arguing that considering the issue of the constitutionality of laws is included in the competence of the courts. Therefore, it does not prejudice in any way the principle of separation of powers. The argument of such a party was, however, based on a basic assertion that discussing this issue is but a sheer legal act as the core and crux of this matter is represented in interpreting the laws which were appealed against as unconstitutional, a matter of a legal nature in the first place. Indeed, the Egyptian legislator adopted this approach when the court was established in 1969 and was then called the Supreme Court entrusted to censoring the laws' constitutionality. The aforementioned court was existent till its replacement with the SCC in 1979.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Historical Overview )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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